Figure 1.

CDDO-Me attenuates LPS-, TNF-, and fibrillar Aβ42-induced primary microglia activation. Rat embryonic ventral mesencephalon primary cultures were treated at day 5 in vitro with indicated compounds (LPS 10 ng/mL, TNF 5 ng/mL, fAβ 1 μM, CDDO-Me 10 nM). Cells were fixed at 2 days post-treatment and stained with an antibody against the microglial activation marker F4/80. Values are expressed as mean number of F4/80-positive microglia per field ± S.E.M.. Values were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test, * denotes CDDO-Me is significantly different from its DMSO vehicle for a given treatment; # denotes significant difference from the DMSO vehicle in unstimulated cells; + denotes significant difference from CDDO-Me in stimulated cells; all symbols at p < 0.05.